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Coulomb coupling between moire mini-band and massless Dirac band
Coulomb drag experiment can be used to investigate interlayer Coulomb interaction between different electronic systems which otherwise cannot be coupled with. Here, by building graphene-hBN-graphene ré heterostructures and measuring finite drag resistances, we show that charge carriers in moiré mini-bands can be coupled with massless Dirac fermions in original graphene even though the reciprocal lattice sizes are nearly two orders of magnitude different. Our work demonstrates that one can couple moiré and non-moiré bands using drag experiment and further investigate how such interlayer Coulomb interactions affect the electronic properties. Having seen a rapid progress in moiré physics, we believe our study opens an interesting venue to explore new interactions effects in diverse moiré systems. This work is published on Phys. Rev. Lett. 133, 186301 (2024).
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High-harmonic spectroscopy probes lattice dynamics
The probing of coherent lattice vibrations in solids has been conventionally carried out using time-resolved transient spectroscopy where only the relative oscillation amplitude can be obtained. Using time-resolved X-ray techniques, absolute electron-phonon coupling strength could be extracted. However, the complexity of such an experiment renders it impossible to be carried out in conventional laboratories. Here we demonstrate that the electron-phonon, anharmonic phonon-phonon coupling, and their relaxation dynamics can be probed in real-time using high-harmonic spectroscopy. Our technique is background-free and has extreme sensitivity directly in the energy domain. In combination with the optical deformation potential calculated from density functional perturbation theory and the absolute energy modulation depth, our measurement reveals the maximum displacement of neighboring oxygen atoms in a-quartz crystal to tens of picometers in real space. By employing a straightforward and robust time-windowed Gabor analysis for the phonon-modulated high-harmonic spectrum, we successfully observe channel-resolved four-phonon scattering processes in such highly nonlinear interactions. Our work opens a new realm for accurate measurement of coherent phonons and their scattering dynamics, which allows for potential benchmarking ab-initio calculations in solids. While the initial demonstration has used bulk solids, there is a strong potential in application of this technique to 2D materials. Our technique allows detection of coherent phonon dynamics with an extremely large range of available frequencies, with very high sensitivity. Furthermore, especially for 2D materials, our technique allows direct comparison between experimental observables and ab-initio calculations of electron-phonon couplings. The ability of tracing coherent phonon dynamics and how the phonon relaxations (building up a given phonon frequency while diminishing the other phonon frequencies) happen in real time is truly unique. Our technique is very robust. It worked on all materials we tested so far. The rigidity of this technique is especially suited for research on 2D materials because it really helps us to focus on the materials, not worrying at all about the technique itself. This work is published on Nature Photonics 18, 792-798 (2024).
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The light induced material deposition (LIMD) method won gold medal in International Exhibition of Inventions Geneva
The foundation of high-performance chip manufacturing lies in the precise patterning of microscale and nanoscale material structures. Currently, the predominant technique utilized is photolithography, which involves a complex series of steps including spin coating of photoresist, positioning, exposure, developing, evaporation deposition, electroplating, and lift-off processes. These procedures must be executed in a meticulously clean environment and require costly equipment such as mask aligners and vapor deposition machines. In light of these challenges, we have proposed and developed a groundbreaking technology known as single-step laser direct writing. This innovative method combines two key elements: laser-induced optical trapping and light-induced chemical reduction reactions. By preparing an "ink" and utilizing a regular confocal laser scanning microscope platform, we are able to achieve high-precision material deposition in a single step. This approach offers significant simplification to the fabrication of electronics, particularly in the production of chips and flexible devices incorporating 2D materials.
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New type of quantum phase transition in 2D interacting Dirac electrons beyond Landau-Ginzburg paradigm
For 2D interacting electrons such as those in twisted bilayer graphene and transition metal dichalcogenides, the normal fate upon changing the control parameters such as gating, twisted angle and electronic and magnetic fields, is to go through phase transitions to various symmetry-breaking phases, such as superconducting, charge-density wave or (fractional) Chern insulator phases. However, is there the possibility that the Dirac fermions in such systems can go into insulating phase without invoking the traditional path of spontaneous symmetry breaking? The answer is affirmative and such transition is coined as symmetric mass generation (SMG). SMG is discovered in recent years has attracted great interest from both condensed matter and high energy theory communities. During the SMG transition, the interacting Dirac electrons acquire a gap without any concomitant spontaneous symmetry breaking, and it is hence beyond the conventional Landau-Ginzburg paradigm of phase transitions. One important question we address in this paper is whether the SMG transition corresponds to a true unitary conformal field theory. We employ the sharp diagnosis including the scaling of disorder operator and Rnyi entanglement entropy in large-scale lattice model quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Our results strongly suggest that the SMG transition is indeed an unconventional quantum phase transition and it should correspond to a true (2+1)d unitary conformal field theory. With our findings, the strongly correlated electrons in 2D quantum re materials, will have a new destiny, awaiting to be further explored both theoretically and experimentally.
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Ballistic transport spectroscopy of spin-orbit-coupled bands in monolayer graphene on WSe₂
Spin-orbit coupling (SOC) provides unique capabilities to control spin by moving electrons around or turn electron trajectories by rotating spin. Here we show that using WSe2 as a substrate, one can induce strong SOC in graphene while simultaneously achieving ballistic transport where electron trajectories can be tuned by external parameters such as magnetic fields. We demonstrate this by measuring ballistic transverse magnetic focusing (TMF) from which we find the spectroscopic evidence of the large SOC strength, ~13 meV, in the system and probe electron dynamics that are sensitive to the edge scattering and temperature. Our study illustrates, unambiguously, that it is now possible to exploit a variety of highly-tunable ballistic transport effects in graphene, such as TMF, Veselago lensing, Fabry-Pérot interference, and more, to control or detect spin by turning ballistic electron motion. This adds graphene van der Waals heterostructures as one of the promising material platforms in the field of ballistic spin-orbitronics. This work is published on Nature Communications 14, 6124 (2023).
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Intrinsic Nonlinear Hall Effect and Gate-Switchable Berry Curvature Sliding in Twisted Bilayer Graphene
0 Ωn with 0.3% uniaxial strain. Adopted from Supplemental Material of Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 066301 (2023).Berry curvature, which is usually cumulated at band edge, is believed to contribute to anomalous velocity as well as anomalous transport (i.e., beyond Drude model). Commonly, distribution of Berry curvature is stable within dispersive bands if there is no gap close-reopen topological phase transition. This means anomalous transport should not be sensitive to perturbation of bands dispersion. However, this is not the case within topological flat bands. In TBG away from ‘magic angle‘ , the bands near charge neutrality are less dispersive and the correlation effect does not dominate. Here, we find the second harmonic Hall effect is sensitive to the sliding Berry curvature under tuning of vertical electric field. As shown in the figure above, numerical calculation (b) matches well with the experimental observation (a). Our results confirm nonlinear Hall effect can be used to detect Berry curvature redistribution without gap close-reopen in topological flat bands and ‘non-magic angle‘ TBG is a suitable platform for observing such a phenomenon. This work is published on Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 066301 (2023).
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Time Reversal Even Charge Hall Effect from Twisted Interface Coupling
Hall effect, by a genuine definition, is charge current of the form jH = σH x E, in linear response to an electric field E. It is long believed that Hall effect is limited to systems with broken time reversal symmetry. All known contributions to the Hall conductivity σH transform odd under time reversal operation, with origin either from magnetic field or magnetic order. An evenly transformed σH (i.e., invariant) under time reversal operation is forbidden by the delicate Onsager reciprocal relation governing the linear responses. A fact often overlooked, however, is that Onsager relation was originally derived for isolated systems. In this work, we show the first scenario of having time reversal even charge Hall effect in a non-isolated system with time reversal symmetry. In absence of magnetic field or magnetic order, a structural chirality is required instead to comply with the nature of Hall current. These necessary conditions are naturally fulfilled in twisted van der Waals layered structures, where a monolayer constitutes the non-isolated 2D system, coupled via electron quantum tunneling with adjacent layers constituting its environment. In twisted bilayer graphene and twisted homobilayer transition metal dichalcogenides with a broad range of twist angles, we show giant Hall currents counterflowing in the double layer geometry, with Hall voltages measurable in a layer-resolved Hall bar setup. This work is published on Nature Communications 14, 1961 (2023).
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Ferroelectricity in untwisted heterobilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides
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Chiral excitonics in 2D semiconductors on patterned dielectric superlattices
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Exciton mediated ferromagnetism
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Bridging the gap between TMDCs and metals
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Valley-Polarized Quantum Anomalous Hall State in Moiré MoTe2/WSe2 Heterobilayers
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Computing quantum entanglement for 2D systems
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Discovery of intrinsic high-temperature ferromagnetism in 2D vanadium diselenide
Caption: Comparison of representative MCD signals in multilayer 1T- and 2H-VSe2 at room temperature and the phase diagram of thickness-dependent Curie temperature depicts paramagnetic-ferromagnetic transition in 2H-VSe2 (adopted from ACS Nano 15, 16236 (2021)).
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Reconstruction and flat bands in twisted WSe2
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Fractionalized conductivity at 2D topological phase transitions
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Model design and computation solution for quantum moiré systems
Added note from author: The latter paper has received IOP Publishing Top Cited Paper Award in 2024, as one of the 1% most cited papers in IOP Publishing's portfolio from 2021-2023.
Two-dimensional quantum moiré materials represent artificial superlattice structures realized in a van der Waals stack of two or more 2D atomic crystals, including graphene, transition metal dichalcogenides, etc. The interplay between the quantum geometry of wavefunctions - as manifested in the distribution of Berry curvature, or fragile topology - and strong long-range Coulomb interactions, are the key ingredients for understanding the complex phase diagram of correlated states such as metal, insulator and superconductor in such materials. Z. Y. Meng and co-workers focus on model design and algorithmic developments to provide understanding of the correlation effect in such systems. They have performed quantum Monte Carlo simulations to reveal the phase diagram of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) at charge neutrality (PRX 11, 011014(2021)) and developed the momentum space Monte Carlo method that can solve the long-range Coulomb interactions in an unbiased manner (CPL 38, 077305 (2021).
The experimental discovery of the fractional Hall conductivity in two-dimensional electron gases revealed new types of quantum particles, called anyons, which are beyond bosons and fermions as they possess fractionalized exchange statistics. These anyons are usually studied deep inside an insulating topological phase. It is natural to ask whether such fractionalization can be detected more broadly, say near a phase transition from a conventional to a topological phase. To answer this question, we (Dr. Zi Yang Meng and collaborators Dr. Yan-Cheng Wang from Xuzhou, China, Dr. Meng Cheng from Yale and Dr. William Witczak-Krempa from Montreal) study a strongly correlated quantum phase transition between a topological state, called a Z2 quantum spin liquid, and a conventional superfluid using large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Our results show that the universal conductivity at the quantum critical point becomes a simple fraction of its value at the conventional insulator-to-superfluid transition. Moreover, a dynamically self-dual optical conductivity emerges at low temperatures above the transition point, indicating the presence of the elusive vison particles. Our study opens the door for the experimental detection of anyons in a broader regime, and has ramifications in the study of quantum materials, programmable quantum simulators, and ultra-cold atomic gases. In the latter case, we discuss the feasibility of measurements in optical lattices using current techniques. The work was published on Nat. Commun. 12, 5347 (2021).
Recently, they employ the large-scale density matrix renormalization group computation on the lattice model for TBG at 3/4 filling containing the projected Coulomb interactions only, and succeeded in identifying a first-order quantum phase transition between the insulating stripe phase and the quantum anomalous Hall state with the Chern number of ± 1. These results not only shed light on the mechanism of the quantum anomalous Hall state discovered at three-quarters filling in the material, but also provide an example of the topological Mott insulator, i.e., the quantum anomalous Hall state in the strong coupling limit. This work is published in Nat Commun 12, 5480 (2021).
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2024-25 HKU Science JSI Workshops - Exploring Wonders of Flatland in Physics
Talk by Dr Dong-Keun Ki
Date/Time: November 23, 2024 (Sat) 9:00pm-5:30pm
Delivery: On campus
When materials become extremely thin, over 100,000 times thinner than a human hair, new physics emerges as they exist only in two dimensions, in a "flatland". Remarkably, physicists have found that such thin materials can be realised simply using sticky tapes. In this workshop, we will explore the wonders of the flatland and provide hands-on demonstrations. -
2022-23 HKU Science JSI Workshops - Exploring Wonders of Flatland in Physics
Talk by Dr Dong-Keun Ki
Date/Time: November 12, 2022 (Sat) 9:00pm-4:30pm
Delivery: On campus
Photos: https://www.scifac.hku.hk/photo-gallery/2223firstsemphy
Have you ever wondered what would happen if materials become so thin and flat? Physicists have asked the same question for years and found various ways to explore such a "Flatland". Unlike how difficult it sounds, one can now get even only one-atom-thin layer using sticky tapes. We will talk about the wonders of such "flatlands" in physicists' viewpoint. -
2021-22 HKU Science JSI Workshops - Exploring Wonders of Flatland in Physics
Talk by Dr Dong-Keun Ki
Date/Time: October 23, 2021 (Sat) 1:30pm-3:15pm
Delivery: Zoom
Have you ever wondered what would happen if materials become so thin and flat? Physicists have asked the same question for years and found various ways to explore such a "Flatland". Unlike how difficult it sounds, one can now get even only one-atom-thin layer using sticky tapes. We will talk about the wonders of such "flatlands" in physicists' viewpoint.
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The Hong Kong Forum of Physics 2024: Recent Progresses on 2D Quantum Materials
Date: 16 - 19 December, 2024 (Monday - Thursday)
Venue: CYPP3, LG1/F, Chong Yuet Ming Physics Building, Main Campus, HKU -
2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides 2024
Date: 20 - 23 May, 2024 (Monday - Thursday)
Venue: he Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong -
The Hong Kong Forum of Physics 2022: Frontiers of Quantum Materials Research
Date: 12 - 15 December, 2022 (Monday - Thursday)
Venue: (Hybrid Mode) Lecture Theatre 4-5, 1/F, Meng Wah Complex, Main Campus, HKU
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Steady Floquet–Andreev states in graphene Josephson junctions
by Dr. Gil-Ho Lee, Department of Physics, Pohang University of Science and Technology
Date/Time: April 29, 2022 (Fri) 2:00 pm
Delivery: Zoom -
Model design and Computational solutions for quantum moiré systems
by Dr. Zi Yang Meng, Department of Physics, The University of Hong Kong
Date/Time: October 15, 2021 (Fri) 3:00 pm
Delivery: Zoom
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“Crossed nonlinear dynamical Hall effect in twisted bilayers”, C Chen, D Zhai, C Xiao, W Yao, Phys. Rev. Res., 6 (2024).
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“Tuning the atomic and electronic structures of mirror twin boundaries in molecular beam epitaxy grown MoSe₂ monolayers via rhenium doping”, Z B Yu, Y P Xia, H P Komsa, J Q Zhang, M H Xie, C H Jin, 2D Mater., 11, 025010 (2024).
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“Quantum criticality and entanglement for the two-dimensional long-range Heisenberg bilayer”, M H Song, J R Zhao, Y Qi, J C Rong, and Z Y Meng, Phys. Rev. B 109, L081114 (2024).
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“Ubiquitous nematic Dirac semimetal emerging from interacting quadratic band touching systems”, H Y Lu, K Sun, Z Y Meng, and B B Chen, Phys. Rev. B 109, L081106 (2024).
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“Interfacial magnetic spin Hall effect in van der Waals Fe₃GeTe₂MoTe₂ heterostructure.”, Y D Dai, J L Xiong, Y F Ge, B Cheng, L Z Wang, P F Wang, Z L Liu, S N Yan, C W Zhang, X H Xu, Y G Shi, S W Cheong, C Xiao, S A Yang, S J Liang, F Miao, Nat. Commun., 15, 1, 10. 1129 (2024).
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“Ginzburg-Landau Theory of Flat-Band Superconductors with Quantum Metric”, S A Chen and K T Law, Phys. Rev. Lett. 132, 026002 (2024).
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“Compensating losses in polariton propagation with synthesized complex frequency excitation.”, F X Guan, X D Guo, S Zhang, K B Zeng, Y Hu, C C Wu, S B Zhou, Y J Xiang, X X Yang, Q Dai, S Zhang, Nat. Mater., Early Access (2024).
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“Deciphering the ultra-high plasticity in metal monochalcogenides.”, L W Wong, K Yang, W Han, X D Zheng, H Y Wong, C S Tsang, C S Lee, S P Lau, T H Ly, M Yang, J Zhao, Nat. Mater., Early Access (2024).
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“Synthesized complex-frequency excitation for ultrasensitive molecular sensing.”, K Zeng, C Wu, X Guo, F Guan, Y Duan, LL Zhang, X Yang, N Liu, Q Dai, S Zhang, eLight 4, 1 (2024).
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“Nonlinear transport and radio frequency rectification in BiTeBr at room temperature.”, X F Lu, C P Zhang, N Z Wang, D Zhao, X Zhou, W B Gao, X H Chen, K T Law, K P Loh, Nat. Commun., 15, 245 (2024).
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“Dynamically tunable moiré exciton Rydberg states in a monolayer semiconductor on twisted bilayer graphene.”, M H He, J Q Cai, H Y Zheng, E Seewald, T Taniguchi, K Watanabe, J Q Yan, M Yankowitz, A Pasupathy, W Yao, X D Xu, Nat. Mater., Early Access(2024).
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“Landau-Level Spectrum and the Effect of Spin-Orbit Coupling in Monolayer Graphene on Transition Metal Dichalcogenides.”, Q Rao, H X Xue, D K Ki, Phys. Status Solidi B-2300397 (2024).
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“Scratching lithography, manipulation, and soldering of 2D materials using microneedle probes.”, Q Rao, G Y Gao, X Y Wang, H X Xue, D K Ki, AIP Adv., 14, 1, 7. 015333 (2024).
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“Cross-dimensional valley excitons from Forster coupling in arbitrarily twisted stacks of monolayer semiconductors.”, C Li, W Yao, 2D Mater., 11, 015006 (2024).
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“Extendable piezo/ferroelectricity in nonstoichiometric 2D transition metal dichalcogenides.”, Y Hu, L Rogée, W Z Wang, L Zhuang, F Y Shi, H Dong, S H Cai, B K Tay, S P Lau, Nat. Commun., 14, 8470 (2023).
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“Transient measurement of near-field thermal radiation between macroscopic objects.”, S Zhang, Y D Dang, X R Li, Y X Li, Y Jin, P K Choudhury, J B Xu, Y G Ma, Nanoscale, 16, 1167-1175 (2024).
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“Correlating Young's Modulus with High Thermal Conductivity in Organic Conjugated Small Molecules.”, J H Zeng, T Liang, J J Zhang, D Q Liu, S Li, X H Lu, M Han, Y M Yao, J B Xu, R Sun, L J Li, Small, 11. (2023).
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“Phase-Controlled Growth of 1T'-MoS₂ Nanoribbons on 1H-MoS₂ Nanosheets.”, Y J Wang, W Zhai, Y Ren, Q H Zhang, Y Yao, S Y Li, Q Yang, X C Zhou, Z J Li, B L Chi, J Z Liang, Z He, L Gu, H Zhang, Adv. Mater., 230726 (2023).
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“Quantitative analysis of polarization behaviors of trion states in monolayer WS₂ in a magnetic field.”, Z J Jin, B K Li, G H Cheng, C J Zhou, H Li, and J N Wang, Phys. Rev. Applied. 20.064023 (2023).
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“Concept for a fractional energy barrier tunneling junction.”, Y C Chen, D K Ki, Z B Li, J Chen, Appl. Phys. Lett., 123, 243503 (2023).
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“Epitaxial Growth of 1D Te/2D MoSe₂ Mixed-Dimensional Heterostructures for High-Efficient Self-Powered Photodetector.”, J W You, Z J Jin, Y Y Li, T Kang, K A Zhang, W L Wang, M Y Xu, Z L Gao, J N Wang, J K Kim, Z T Luo, Adv. Funct. Mater., 202311134 (2023).
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“Radiative thermal coats for passive temperature management.”, Y D Dang, Y Zhou, Y X Li, S Zhang, X R Li, Y Jin, P K Choudhury, J B Xu, Y G Ma, Appl. Phys. Lett., 123, 222201 (2023).
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“Axion insulator state in hundred-nanometer-thick magnetic topological insulator sandwich heterostructures.”, D Y Zhuo, Z J Yan, Z T Sun, L J Zhou, Y F Zhao, R X Zhang, R B Mei, H Yi, K Wang, M H W Chan, C X Liu, K T Law, C Z Chang, Nat. Commun., 14, 7596 (2023).
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“A Mechanisms of temperature-dependent thermal transport in amorphous silica from machine-learning molecular dynamics.”, T Liang, P H Ying, K Xu, Z Q Ye, C Ling, Z Y Fan, J B Xu, Phys. Rev. B, 108, 184203 (2023).
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“Arbitrary Wireless Energy Distribution within an Epsilon Near-zero Environment.”, Q D Yang, Y Wang, J H Shi, C X Liu, S Zhang, Laser Photon. Rev., 202300631 (2023).
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“Tunable Kerker Scattering in a Self-Coupled Polaritonic Metasurface.”, F H Shen, Y Q Zhou, J W Ma, J P Zheng, J F Wang, Z F Chen, J B Xu, Laser Photon. Rev., 202300584 (2023).
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“Bulk-local-density-of-state correspondence in topological insulators.”, B Y Xie, R W Huang, S Y Jia, Z M Lin, J Z Hu, Y Jiang, S J Ma, P Zhan, M H Lu, Z L Wang, Y F Chen, S Zhang, Nat. Commun., 14, 7347 (2023).
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“Concentric gradient nanoplasmonic sensors for detecting tumor-derived extracellular vesicles.”, H T Feng, S Y Min, Y Q Huang, Z F Gan, C W Liang, W D Li, Y Chen, Sens. Actuator B-Chem., 400, 134899 (2024).
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“Caution on Gross-Neveu criticality with a single Dirac cone: Violation of locality and its consequence of unexpected finite-temperature transition.”, Y D Liao, X Y Xu, Z Y Meng, Y Qi, Phys. Rev. B, 108, 195112 (2023).
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“Room-temperature-processed transparent hemispherical optoelectronic array for electronic eyes.”, Z Gao, L Mei, J K Zhou, Y Fu, L Zhai, Z Y Li, R J Yang, D F Li, Q Zhang, J H He, J Li, X C Huang, H Li, Y M Liu, K M Yao, Y Y Gao, L Zheng, Y Chen, D Y Lei, H Zhang, Z Y Zeng, X E Yu, Mater. Today, 69, 31-40. (2023).
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“Metallic Micro-Nano Network-Based Soft Transparent Electrodes: Materials, Processes, and Applications.”, L Y Chen, A Khan, S Q Dai, A Bermak, W D Li, Adv. Sci., 10, 2302858 (2023).
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“Intrinsic Nonlinear Hall Effect and Gate-Switchable Berry Curvature Sliding in Twisted Bilayer Graphene.”, M Z Huang, Z F Wu, X Zhang, X M Feng, Z S Zhou, S Wang, Y Chen, C Cheng, K Sun, Z Y Meng, and N Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett., 131, 066301 (2023).
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“Current induced second-order nonlinear Hall effect in bulk WTe₃.”, H Li, M X Li, R C Xiao, W H Liu, L Wu, W Gan, H Han, X Tang, C J Zhang, J N Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett., 123, 163102 (2023).
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“Synergistic effect of chiral metasurface and hot carrier injection enabling manipulation of valley polarization of WSe2 at room temperature”, Z. F. Chen, F. H. Shen, Z. H. Zhang, K. Wu, Y. X. Jin, M. Z. Long, S. J. Wang, J. B. Xu, Adv. Phys Res. 3, 2300062 (2023).
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“Finite-temperature critical behaviors in 2D long-range quantum Heisenberg model”, J R Zhao, M H song, Y Qi, J C Rong, and Z Y Meng, npj Quantum Materials 8, 59 (2023).
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“Distinct moir&eacuté textures of in-plane electric polarizations for distinguishing moir origins in homobilayers”, H Y Yu, Z H Zhou, W Yao, Sci. China-Phys. Mech. Astron., 66, 107711 (2023).
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“Ballistic transport spectroscopy of spin-orbit-coupled bands in monolayer graphene on WSe₃.”, Q Rao, W H Kang, H X Xue, Z Q Ye, X M Feng, K Watanabe, T Taniguchi, N Wang, M H Liu, D K Ki, Nat. Commun., 14, 6124 (2023).
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“Quantum Monte Carlo calculation of critical exponents of the Gross-Neveu-Yukawa on a two-dimensional fermion lattice model.”, T T Wang, Z Y Meng, Phys. Rev. B, 108, L121112 (2023).
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“Majorana fermions on the domain wall of marginally twisted bilayer of transition metal dichalcogenides.”, R C Huang, D P Yu, W Yao, Phys. Rev. B, 108, 115307 (2023).
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“Twist-Dependent Anisotropic Thermal Conductivity in Homogeneous MoS₂ Stacks.”, W W Jiang, T Liang, J B Xu, W E Ouyang, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., 217, 124662 (2023).
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“Quantum optimization within lattice gauge theory model on a quantum simulator.”, Z Yan, Z Zhou, Y H Zhou, Y C Wang, X Z Qiu, Z Y Meng, X F Zhang, npj Quantum Inform., 9, 89 (2023).
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“Phase-dependent growth of Pt on MoS₂ for highly efficient HMoS₂ evolution.”, Z Y Shi, X Zhang, X Q Lin, G G Liu, C Y Ling, S B Xi, B Chen, Y Y Ge, C L Tan, Z C Lai, Z Q Huang, X Y Ruan, L Zhai, L J Li, Z J Li, X X Wang, G H Nam, J W Liu, Q Y He, Z Q Guan, J L Wang, C S Lee, A R J Kucernak, H Zhang, Nature, 621, 300-305 (2023).
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“2D Dual Gate Field-Effect Transistor Enabled Versatile Functions.”, Y Pang, Y Q Zhou, L Tong, J B Xu, Small, 20, 2304173 (2023).
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“Classical fully packed loop model with attractive interactions on the square lattice.”, B Dabholkar, X X Ran, J C Rong, Z Yan, G J Sreejith, Z Y Meng, F Alet, Phys. Rev. B, 108, 125112 (2023).
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“Many versus one: The disorder operator and entanglement entropy in fermionic quantum matter.”, W L Jiang, B B Chen, Z H Liu, J C Rong, F F Assaad, M Cheng, K Sun, Z Y Meng, SciPost Phys., 15, 082 (2023).
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“Stable computation of entanglement entropy for two-dimensional interacting fermion systems”, G P Pan, Y D Liao, W L Jiang, J D'Emidio, Y Qi, and Z Y Meng, Phys. Rev. B 108, L081123 (2023).
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“Radiative Thermal Transistor.”, Y Li, Y D Dang, S Zhang, X R Li, Y Jin, P Ben-Abdallah, J B Xu, Y G Ma, Phys. Rev. Appl., 20, 024061 (2023).
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“Chiral Ligand-Induced Inversion and Tuning of Excitonic Optical Activity in Intrinsically Chiral CsPbBr₃ Perovskite Nanoplatelets.”, B Tang, S Wang, H Liu, N Mou, A S Portniagin, P Chen, Y Wu, X Gao, D Lei, A L Rogach, Adv. Opt. Mater., 12, 4, 2301524. (2024).
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“Observation of fractionally quantized anomalous Hall effect.”, H Park, J Q Cai, E Anderson, Y N Zhang, J Y Zhu, X Y Liu, C Wang, W Holtzmann, C W Hu, Z Y Liu, T Taniguchi, K Watanabe, J H Chu, T Cao, L Fu, W Yao, C Z Chang, D Cobden, D Xiao, X D Xu, Nature, 622, 74-79 (2023).
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“Remote gate control of topological transitions in moire superlattices via cavity vacuum fields.”, Z H Lin, C X Xiao, D P Nguyen, G Arwas, C Ciuti, W Yao, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 120, e2306584120 (2023).
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“Different temperature dependence for the edge and bulk of the entanglement Hamiltonian.”, M H Song, J R Zhao, Z Yan, and Z Y Meng, Phys. Rev. B 108, 075114 (2023).
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“Ultrahigh supercurrent density in a two-dimensional topological material.”, Q Zhang, M S Hossain, B Casas, W K Zheng, Z J Cheng, Z C Lai, Y H Tu, G Q Chang, Y Yao, S Y Li, Y X Jiang, S Mardanya, T R Chang, J Y You, Y P Feng, G M Cheng, J X Yin, N Shumiya, T A Cochran, X P Yang, M Litskevich, N Yao, K Watanabe, T Taniguchi, H Zhang, L Balicas, M Z Hasan, Phys. Rev. Mater., 7, L071801 (2023).
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“Dynamical properties of quantum many-body systems with long-range interactions.”, M H Song, J R Zhao, C K Zhou, Z Y Meng, Phys. Rev. Res., 5, 033046 (2023).
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“Sub-Micrometer Phonon Mean Free Paths in Metal-Organic Frameworks Revealed by Machine Learning Molecular Dynamics Simulations.”, P H Ying, T Liang, K Xu, J Zhang, J B Xu, Z Zhong, Z Y Fan, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 15, 30, 36412-36422. (2023).
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“In-Plane Electric-Field-Induced Orbital Hybridization of Excitonic States in Monolayer WSe₂.”, B R Zhu, K Xiao, S Y Yang, K Watanabe, T Taniguchi, X D Cui, Phys. Rev. Lett., 131, 036901 (2023).
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“Contact-engineered reconfigurable two-dimensional Schottky junction field-effect transistor with low leakage currents.”, Y Q Zhou, L Tong, Z F Chen, L Tao, Y Pang, J B Xu, Nat. Commun., 14, 4270 (2023).
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“Programming correlated magnetic states with gate-controlled moiré geometry.”, E Anderson, F-R Fan, J Cai, W Holtzmann, T Taniguchi, K Watanabe, D Xiao, W Yao, X Xu, Science, 381, 6655, 325-330. (2023).
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“Signatures of fractional quantum anomalous Hall states in twisted MoTe₂”, J Cai, E Anderson, C Wang, X Zhang, X Liu, W Holtzmann, Y Zhang, F Fan, T Taniguchi, K Watanabe, Y Ran, T Cao, L Fu, D Xiao, W Yao, X Xu, Nature 622, 63-68 (2023).
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“Orbital Fulde-Ferrell Pairing State in Moire Ising Superconductors”, Y M Xie, K T Law, Phys. Rev. Lett., 131, 016001 (2023).
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“Excitons and emergent quantum phenomena in stacked 2D semiconductors”, N. Wilson, W. Yao, J. Shan, and X. Xu, Nature 599, 383 (2021).
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“Long-range directional routing and spatial selection of high spin-purity valley trion emission in monolayer WS₂”, P. Chen, Z. Li, Y. Qi, T. Lo, S. Wang, W. Jin, S. Fan, A. Zayats, and D. Lei, ACS Nano 15, 18163 (2021).
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“Investigation on the Fano-type asymmetry in atomic semiconductor coupled to the plasmonic lattice”, F. Shen, Z. Chen, L. Tao, B. Sun, X. Xu, J. Zheng, and J. Xu, ACS Photon. 8, 12, 3583 (2021).
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“Twist versus heterostrain control of optical properties of moiré exciton minibands”, H. Zheng, D. Zhai, and W. Yao, 2D Mater. 8 044016 (2021).
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“Topological superconductivity in EuS/Au/superconductor heterostructures”, Y. M. Xie, K. T. Law, and P. A. Lee, Phys. Rev. Res. 3, 043086 (2021).
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"Moiré trions in MoSe₂/WSe₂ heterobilayers", X. Wang, J. Zhu, K. Seyler, P. Rivera, H. Zheng, Y. Wang, M. He, T. Taniguchi, K. Watanabe, J. Yan, D. Mandrus, D. Gamelin, W. Yao and X. Xu, Nat. Nanotechnol. 16, 1208 (2021).
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“Ferromagnetism in 2D Vanadium Diselenide”, X. Wang, D. Li, Z. Li, C. Wu, C. Che, G. Chen, and X. Cui, ACS Nano, 15,16236 (2021).
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“Lattice reconstruction induced multiple ultra-flat bands in twisted bilayer WSe₂”, E. Li, J. Hu, X. Feng, Z. Zhou, L. An, K. Law, N. Wang, and N. Lin, Nat. Commun. 12, 5601 (2021).
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"Realization of topological Mott insulator in a twisted bilayer graphene lattice model", B. Chen, Y. Liao, Z. Chen, O. Vafek, J. Kang, W. Li, and Z. Meng, Nat. Commun. 12, 5480 (2021).
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“Fractionalized conductivity and emergent self-duality near topological phase transitions”, Y. Wang, M. Cheng, W. Witczak-Krempa, and Z. Meng, Nat. Commun. 12, 5347 (2021).
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“Integrated terahertz generator manipulators using epsilon near zero hybrid nonlinear metasurfaces”, Y. Lu, X. Feng, Q. Wang, X. Zhang, M. Fang, W. Sha, Z. Huang, Q. Xu, L. Niu, X. Chen, C. Ouyang, Y. Yang, X. Zhang, E. Plum, S. Zhang, J. Han, and W. Zhang, Nano Lett. 21, 7699 (2021).
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“Revealing the non-adiabatic and non-Abelian multiple-band effects via anisotropic valley Hall conduction in BLG”, C. Li, M. W. Tu, and W. Yao, 2D Mater. 8 045012 (2021).
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“Observation of Diffusion and Drift of the Negative Trions in ML WS₂”, G. Cheng, B. Li, Z. Jin, M. Zhang, and J. Wang, Nano Lett. 21, 6314 (2021).
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“Self-Assembly of 2D Nanosheets into 1D Nanostructures for Sensing NO₂”, J. Zha, Z. Yuan, Z. Zhou, Y. Li, J. Zhao, Z. Zeng, L. Zhen, H. Tai, C. Tan, and H. Zhang, Small Structures 2, 2100067 (2021).
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“Momentum space quantum Monte Carlo on twisted bilayer graphene”, X. Zhang, G. Pan, Y. Zhang, J. Kang, and Z. Meng, Chin. Phys. Lett. 38 077305 (2021).
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How To Isolate And Find One-atom-thin Layer Of Graphite
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Playing Lego With 2D Materials
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Valley optoelectronics in 2D semiconductors
W. Yao and co-workers have made two fundamental predictions for addressing and exploiting electron's valley degree of freedom in 2D semiconductors: valley optical selection rule (Phys. Rev. B 77, 235406 (2008); Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 196802 (2012)), and valley Hall effect (Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 236809 (2007)). The valley optical selection rule allows valley-selective and valley-coherent optical transitions by polarized light. X. Cui's group is one of the first to demonstrate experimentally the optically pumped valley polarization in monolayer semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs; Nature Nano. 7, 490 (2012)). This selection rule has made possible the initialization and detection of valley polarization, enabling a series of experimental milestones on valley controls. The valley Hall effect, in which electrical field generates transverse topological valley current, has also been observed by various groups in graphene and TMDs. These advances have paved the way towards the exploitation of valley for versatile functionalities in future optoelectronics. -
Quantum Transport from high-quality devices of atomically thin semiconductors
N. Wang's group has developed an effective method to establish low-temperature Ohmic contacts in boron nitride encapsulated atomically thin transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) semiconductors. This method works for most extensively studied TMDs in recent years, including MoS2, MoSe2, WSe2, WS2, and 2H-MoTe2. Low electrical contact resistance and ultrahigh mobility are achieved at cryogenic temperatures. All of the few-layer TMD devices studied show excellent performance with remarkably improved field-effect mobilities (2D Mater. 3, 021007 (2016)). Based on the high quality TMD devices fabricated by this method, they have observed a number of interesting quantum transport phenomena. For example, they first observed intrinsic valley Hall transport in the non-centrosymmetric monolayer and trilayer MoS2, which survives even at room temperature. (Nature Comm. 10, 611 (2019)). In MoS2, they probed many-body interaction effects and unambiguously determined the density-dependent valley susceptibility and the interaction enhanced g-factor. Near integer ratios of Zeeman-to-cyclotron energies, they discovered LL anticrossings due to the formation of quantum Hall Ising ferromagnets (Nano Lett. 19, 1736 (2019)). -
Moiré excitons in 2D semiconductor layered structures
Moiré pattern is the superlattice structure created when 2D materials are stacked with crystallographic misalignment resulting in spatial variation in the interlayer atomic registries. The creation of long-wavelength moiré pattern is becoming a powerful approach to engineer the electronic and optical properties of van der Waals structures of 2D materials. W. Yao's group has pioneered the theory of interlayer valley excitons in the moiré superlattice of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides, where the spatially varying atomic registries lead to anomalous light cones in the momentum space (Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 187002 (2015)), and nanoscale patterning in the real space of the excitonic optical dipole and energy landscape (Science Adv. 3, e1701696 (2017), 2D Mater. 5, 035021 (2018)). Such a radically new exciton system can be exploited as electrically programmable arrays of quantum emitters and strongly spin-orbit coupled excitonic superlattice. Evidences of the moiré exciton features were recently reported by many experimental works (c.f. Nature 567, 66 (2019), and other reports in the same issue). -
Epitaxial TMDs and other 2D materials
M.H. Xie and co-workers were among the first to realize epitaxial single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (SL-TMD) on macroscopic scale by the MBE method. They discovered the unusual dense networks of mirror-twin domain boundaries (MTBs) that hosted the Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 066105 (2014); New J. Phys. 17, 053023 (2015); Nano Letters 20, 2094 (2020)). By employing low-temperature STM/S, they unveiled quasi-particle interference in SL-WSe2 (Nature Comm. 6, 8180 (2015)), evidencing long spin and valley lifetime in the system. Different phases of TMD single-layers were controllably obtained with potential application promises (ACS Nano 11, 3282 (2017); 2D Mater. 8 015006 (2020)). Besides SL-TMDs, other 2D systems were explored, e.g., epitaxial SL-P, in which an unusual metal-phosphorous network was unveiled (Matter 2, 111 (2020)). -
Electrochemical exfoliation of 2D nanosheets
In 2011, H. Zhang's group pioneered the electrochemical lithium ion-intercalation and exfoliation method to prepare single-layer MoS2, WS2, TiS2, TaS2, ZrS2 and graphene nanosheets, and achieved the 92% yield of single-layer MoS2 (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 50, 11093-11097 (2011)). Later, by changing the cut-off voltage and discharge current in the synthesis process, few-layer-thick BN, NbSe2, WSe2, Sb2Se3 and Bi2Te3 were also prepared (Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 51, 9052-9056 (2012)). It is worth mentioning that the traditional chemical ion-intercalation and exfoliation method, which uses n-butyl lithium in hexane as the intercalation agent, is carried out at high temperature (e.g., 100 °C) for long time (e.g., 3 days) and lacks the controllability over the intercalation amount of lithium. Incomplete lithium intercalation will lead to low-yield preparation of single-layer nanosheets. Our developed electrochemical lithium ion-intercalation and exfoliation method for the high-yield preparation of single-layer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) nanosheets can be easily conducted at room temperature within 6 h. In addition, the Li insertion in TMDs can be monitored and finely controlled in the battery testing system, and the galvanostaic discharge can be stopped at a proper Li content to avoid decomposition of the intercalated compounds. -
1T'-phase transition metal dichalcogenides
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) with unconventional phases have attracted increasing research interests due to their unique structures and fascinating phase-dependent properties, which are highly desirable across many fundamental and practical research fields. H. Zhang and co-workers have developed a universal synthetic methodology for the preparation of a series of high-quality unconventional metastable 1T' phase group VIB transition metal dichalcogenides, including MoS2, MoSe2, WS2, WSe2, MoS2xSe2(1-x) and WS2xSe2(1-x) (Nat. Chem. 10, 638 (2018); Nat. Mater. doi: 10.1038/s41563-021-00971-y (2021)). Based on the high-quality crystals, for the first time, they have successfully solved the single crystal structures of 1T'-MoS2, 1T'-MoSe2, 1T'-WS2 and 1T'-WSe2, providing a robust research platform for future research in a variety of fields. For example, based on the high phase purity 1T'-MoS2, they have revealed the role of crystal phases of TMD-based catalyst in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (Nat. Chem. 10, 638 (2018)), and for the first time, discovered the in-plane anisotropy in electrocatalysis based on the orientation of crystal lattice of 1T'-MoS2 (Adv. Mater. 31, 1807764 (2019)). Most recently, H. Zhang and co-workers have discovered the thickness-dependent intrinsic superconductivity in 1T'-WS2, showing critical transition temperatures from 8.6 K for the thickness of 90.1 nm to 5.7 K for the single-layer 1T'-WS2, indicating the potential of unconventional phase nanomaterials in condensed matter physics (Nat. Mater. doi: 10.1038/s41563-021-00971-y (2021)).